New York’s highest court on Thursday struck down a portion of the state’s new rent law, ruling that it violated due process for building owners who could be exposed to “enormous” liability if it were left intact.

The 4-3 decision, from the bitterly divided New York Court of Appeals, held that the Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019 did not apply retroactively to cases involving rent overcharges and limited damages calculations to rent charged four years prior to the filing of a complaint.