Pipkin, Judge. This case involving a custody dispute between Laura Steedley, the mother of seven-year-old C. B. G., and Diane Gilbreth, the child’s maternal grandmother,[1] has made several appearances before this Court. Most recently,[2] in Steedley v.Gilbreth, 352 Ga. App. 179 (834 SE2d 301) (2019) (Steedley II), we vacated a temporary order granting custody to the Grandmother and remanded to the trial court for additional analysis and findings of fact required by Clark v. Wade, 273 Ga. 587, 598-599 (IV) (544 SE2d 99) (2001). Steedley II, 352 Ga. App. at 181 (1). The trial court then issued a joint custody order, awarding the Mother “primary physical custody” and granting the Grandmother visitation rights one week and one weekend a month; the order also required the parties to “work together for the best interest of the child” and to “cooperate on holidays and birthdays.” The Mother appeals,[3] and we now reverse. As we explained in Steedley II, “[c]ustody disputes between a parent and close third-party relatives, including grandparents, are governed by OCGA § 19-7-1 (b.1).” 352 Ga. App. at 180. Although in Steedley II, we remanded this case to the trial court with instructions for the trial court to engage in proper factfinding and the analysis required by Clark to support its custody award to the Grandmother, that is not what the trial court did; instead, citing OCGA § 19-9-3, the court entered an order setting out a joint custody arrangement between the Mother and the Grandmother.[4] This was error. On its face, OCGA § 19-9-3 governs custody and visitation between a child’s parents, and provides no authority for an award of joint custody between a parent and other relatives, including grandparents.[5] As our Supreme Court explained in Stone v. Stone, 297 Ga. 451 (774 SE2d 681) (2015), “[i]n the Georgia Code, our legislature has clearly indicated that joint custody arrangements do not include third parties when one or both parents are suitable custodians. . . . Quite explicitly, the statute includes grandparents with parents for purposes of contact (visitation) with the minor child, but, when rights and responsibilities (custody) are in consideration, the statute excludes grandparents and encourages sharing between the parents only.” Id at 452-453. Thus, while a grandparent, or other listed relative, may obtain sole custody of a child under certain circumstances, see Clark v. Wade, 273 Ga. at 598-599 (IV), “in situations where a parent is suitable to exercise custody over a child, [neither OCGA § 19-7-1 (b.1) nor any other code section] allow[s] that parental custody to be limited by a joint custody arrangement with a grandparent or, for that matter, any other person.” Stone, 297 Ga. at 455. By granting the mother primary physical custody, the trial court in this case necessarily determined that the Mother was “suitable” to have custody of her child, and the trial court was not authorized to enter a joint custody arrangement with the Grandmother. E.g., Jewell v. McGinnis, 341 Ga. App. 896, 896 (1) (802 SE2d 306) (2017) (“The Supreme Court of Georgia and this Court have both held that a third party may have sole legal custody of a child when no parent is suitable for custody; however, Georgia statutory law only supports joint legal custody arrangements between parents.”); Marks v. Soles, 339 Ga. App. 380, 386 (2) (793 SE2d 587) (2016) (“Absent a finding that both parents were unfit, the trial court was not authorized to award any legal or physical custody to the . . . child’s paternal grandparents.”); Sheffield v. Sheffield, 338 Ga. App. 667, 669 (791 SE2d 428) (2016) (“while a third party may have sole legal custody of a child when no parent is suitable for custody, Georgia law only allows joint custody arrangements between parents.”). We note however, that OCGA § 19-9-3 (d) does encourage contact with grandparents, see Stone, 297 Ga. at 455, and nothing in our holding should be read to preclude the Grandmother from seeking, or the trial court from granting, reasonable visitation rights with her grandson. However, the mechanism for obtaining such visitation is set out in OCGA § 19-7-3, not 19-9-3. See Stone, 297 Ga. at 455. Further, in order to grant a family member reasonable visitation rights under OCGA § 19-7-3 (c) (1), the court must first find by clear and convincing evidence that the health or welfare of the child would be harmed unless such visitation is granted and the best interests of the child would be served by such visitation.[6] Id at 454; see also Davis v. Cicala, 356 Ga. App. 873, 875-876 (849 SE2d 728) (2020). Here, the trial court did not recite OCGA § 19-7-3 in its order, and it did not make the findings which would be necessary to grant the Grandmother reasonable visitation rights pursuant to subsection (c) (1).[7] Accordingly, we do not address whether the Grandmother would be entitled to such rights should she decide to pursue them. Based on the foregoing, the trial court’s order is reversed and the case is remanded with direction for the trial court to enter an order awarding sole physical and legal custody to the mother.[8] Judgment reversed. Miller, P. J., and Hodges, J., concur.
