While 68 Men’s Division I basketball teams were battling it out on courts throughout the country in this year’s iteration of March Madness, the NCAA was mounting what it hopes will be its own comeback in an entirely different kind of court.

On March 17, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit heard oral argument in O’Bannon v. NCAA—a case that could dramatically change the landscape of NCAA Division I college basketball and football. The case challenges the NCAA’s rules prohibiting member institutions from compensating athletes beyond the cost of tuition and room and board.