When the federal rules of civil procedure were updated for the digital age in 2006, federal judges had front-row seats at the revolution. They were among the first to see the sweeping changes that electronic discovery has brought to many areas of the law. At the same time, judges also saw how uninformed many attorneys and their clients were about technology and how resistant they were to a series of new rules.

Today, judges are playing an expanding role in defining this multimillion-dollar business. The five pioneers profiled here have not only set the stage in procedure and case law, but have become teachers, writers, activists, and ongoing cirtics of this rapidly changing industry.