The European Union levied a second massive fine on Microsoft and threatened greater penalties in the future unless the world’s largest software company obeys a 2004 antitrust order to share technical details of its Windows operating system with rivals.

Microsoft Corp. was fined 280.5 million euros ($357 million) on Wednesday for allegedly flouting the earlier order, on top of the record 497 million euros ($613 million) fine it paid at the time. It also faces new penalties of 3 million euros ($3.82 million) a day beginning July 31.