Gay rights advocates celebrated while conservative commentators fumed Monday as the California Supreme Court granted same-sex couples parenting rights equivalent to those of their heterosexual counterparts.

The decision, arising out of three cases involving breakups by lesbian couples, holds that both partners in a same-sex relationship are legal parents when they use modern methods of reproductive science to produce and raise children. As a result, the court said, both are entitled to all the rights and responsibilities of parenthood, including custody and child support.