Comcast Corp.‘s courthouse victory over the Federal Communications Commission last week might not turn out to be a win for the company after all if it speeds the path for wider regulation of broadband services.

A panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit ruled on April 6 that the FCC failed to justify its jurisdiction to regulate Internet traffic. The unanimous ruling was a short-term affirmation for those who want to rein in the FCC’s ability to impose “net neutrality” rules, but major battles loom in at least two venues: the commission and Congress. A loss in either place would mean a lot more uncertainty for companies like Comcast.