Six months after J.C. Penney Co. launched a bold new pricing plan, customers still aren’t buying it.

The midprice department store chain reported a bigger-than-expected loss and plummeting sales during the second quarter, as its customers remain confused by the new pricing strategy that ditched hundreds of sales in favor of everyday lower prices. The bleak performance marks the second straight quarter of steep sales declines since the plan was introduced Feb. 1.