It is not uncommon for a contract to be drafted by only one of the contracting parties. If the contract is later determined to be ambiguous, the common law concept of contra proferentem — against the offeror — requires the ambiguity be interpreted against the drafter.

There are myriad theories justifying the rule but most agree that it serves the moral purpose of penalizing the person who caused the ambiguity since he was the one who could and should have prevented it. Insurance policies, which are frequently drafted by insurers and offered to policyholders on a take-it-or-leave it basis, are generally subject to this doctrine.

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