School voucher programs, which give families taxpayer funds to pay tuition at private and religious schools, have become increasingly common—and increasingly contested—across the nation.

This year, on the heels of a landmark ruling from the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court declaring that the Pennsylvania Constitution guarantees a “comprehensive, effective, and contemporary system of public education,” and a court order directing the state to fund its public schools to provide every child with “a meaningful opportunity to succeed academically, socially, and civically,” Pennsylvania has nevertheless found itself in a debate over the state’s investment in private education.