A federal appeals court Monday presented what it described as a “simple answer” as to whether foreign sovereign immunity protects private companies in a Big Law-backed case: No.

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit handed down the decision in a lawsuit from WhatsApp Inc. and parent company Meta, formerly Facebook Inc., accusing Israel’s NSO Group of spreading malware through the company’s server to roughly 1,400 mobile devices, in violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.