At its core, international arbitration is governed by a combination of common and civil law norms that have evolved over time. Thus, unsurprisingly, international arbitration practice differs in many ways from what an attorney might encounter during court proceedings or domestic arbitrations in the United States.

While international arbitration practices are not set out in any specific rule or regulation, there are many norms that experienced practitioners commonly adhere to and, therefore, fundamentally shape how tribunals and parties expect an international arbitration to be conducted. Although the number of unspoken norms governing international arbitration proceedings are legion, the norms governing examinations are among the most consequential aspects of international arbitration practice.