On Sept. 10, 2013, plaintiff Martha Martin discovered water damage to her home, on Lafferty Ave., in Pittsburgh. She found that a toilet had leaked, causing a significant amount of water to flood in her house. She had been away from her home since April of that year. The water allegedly damaged ceilings, walls, carpeting and personal property.

Martin filed a claim under her homeowner’s insurance policy with Safeco Insurance Co. of America. The insurer dispatched a subcontractor to evaluate the home’s damages. Damages were estimated at $26,782.62, which was paid by Safeco.