More than 500 people turned up at Denton City Hall about a citizen-led petition—signed by 1,900 voters—to ban fracking. After a lengthy public hearing, the Denton City Council rejected a proposal to ban the method of oil and gas extraction inside the city, and by doing so placed the question on the city’s November ballot.

This collective action against fracking in North Texas, where the Barnett shale sits, raised questions for litigators on both sides of the fracking issue about where future court battles will go, and if plaintiffs will successfully pursue “collective” actions.