Once again raising the stakes in what may be a historic term, the U.S. Supreme Court on Monday agreed to decide whether Arizona’s tough anti-immigration law can be enforced or is in fatal conflict with federal immigration law.

The justices’ decision to review four key provisions in Arizona’s Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act, commonly known as S.B. 1070, comes less than three days after the Court agreed to review controversial Texas redistricting plans that have been challenged as reducing the influence of minority voters. The three Texas cases will be argued on Jan. 9.