TWO COURTS ruled that plaintiffs had successfully defeated defendants’ attempts to secure summary judgment in price-fixing cases. Two other courts dismissed refusal-to-deal claims, noting that plaintiffs had not shown substantial anticompetitive effects from the challenged conduct.

Other interesting antitrust rulings reported recently included an appellate court decision that 28 USC �1782 permits a complainant before the European Commission to invoke discovery process in the United States to gather documents to support its complaint. Also of interest was a ruling that a plaintiff seeking to avoid the bar of the statute of limitations must allege specifically when it became aware of the allegedly illegal conduct.