It’s all well and good to discuss the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP) amendments—Legaltech News has done its fair share over the past nine-plus months since they went into effect. But in a practical sense, how are they being applied in courts?

As it turns out, it’s been a mixed bag, and even federal judges don’t agree on some of the nuances of how the new rules should be applied. At the 2016 Conference on Preservation Excellence (PREX), six current and former federal judges discussed 12 key e-discovery cases from the past year. Here are the eight cases the judges explored more in-depth, along with some insights from those in charge of making decisions.

The Cast