For more than 40 years, Regulation 17/62/EEC has implemented Articles 81 and 82 of the European Commission (EC) Treaty and contributed to the development of European level setting and enforcement of competition law.

From 1 May, 2004, coinciding with the accession of the new European Union (EU) member states, Regulation 17/62/EC will be replaced by Regulation 1/2003/EC. It remains to be seen whether this reform will turn out to be ‘modernisation’ or will, instead, lead to inconsistencies in the application of EC competition law.