Who, two years ago, would have predicted the events of 11 September; that Enron would become a synonym for dishonesty; that Andersen would be gone; or that Jack Welch would publicly offer to repay excessive benefits received from the company he had managed, to universal acclaim, for decades?

Prior to 11 September, 2001 there had been determined efforts by many countries and regional bodies, including the European Commission and the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), to combat money laundering. Undoubtedly these efforts were having some impact on large-scale frauds.