In a split decision, a federal appellate panel said Wednesday that the nation’s immigration agency is violating the Cuban Adjustment Act of 1966 by not granting all spouses of exiles a 30-month rollback on their status as permanent residents — and thus delaying their path to U.S. citizenship.

The case stems from a 2011 lawsuit filed by Camila Maria Silva-Hernandez in Miami against the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.