Federal judges ruling in a recent spate of cases divided over how to apply the U.S. Supreme Court’s latest, and fractured, abortion rights decision in June that struck down a Louisiana law that regulated abortion clinics.

The U.S. Justice Department and state anti-abortion officials and groups rely on a 1977 Supreme Court ruling in arguing that the concurring opinion by Chief Justice John Roberts Jr. in the Louisiana case altered the standard for judging the constitutionality of abortion regulations and controls all the disputes going forward.