In recent years companies, including hospitals, have found a powerful tool in social media. But some have also experienced the legal consequences when something goes wrong. Naval Hospital Jacksonville in Florida, where viral images of newborn babies being mishandled by staff recently originated, may be the latest example.

Such inappropriate conduct, hastened by the prolific use of smartphones and ease of data sharing, can expose hospitals to a number of legal causes of action, experts say. But the risks can be mitigated, they added, by planning ahead and training employees.