Professional football’s exemption fromantitrust laws –which allows teams to join forces in making bigpackage deals withtelevision networks — does not extend to satellitebroadcasts becauseCongress specifically exempted only “sponsored”telecasts, a federalappeals court has ruled.

“Exceptions to the antitrust laws must benarrowly construed,”U.S. Circuit Judge Carol Los Mansmann wrote for aunanimous three-judgepanel.