This term the U.S. Supreme Court will decide an important case that could extend the False Claims Act to almost any company in any industry. In October, the Supreme Court granted certiorari in Allison Engine Co. v. United States ex rel. Sanders, No. 07-214, in order to resolve a disagreement between two federal courts of appeal over proper interpretation of the FCA.

The FCA is a federal anti-fraud statute. Passed during the Civil War, it originally targeted unscrupulous government contractors who submitted fraudulent invoices to the Union Army.