With its July 2 agreement to pay $3 billion to resolve criminal and civil charges related to off-label marketing, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) became the latest pharmaceutical company to settle such charges.

The payment is the highest ever by a drug company and represents the largest health care fraud settlement in U.S. history, breaking the record set in 2009 by Pfizer’s $2.3 billion off-label marketing settlement. The GSK settlement comes after an investigation by the Department of Health and Human Services’ (HHS) Office of the Inspector General (OIG), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. (For a complete breakdown of the settlement, see “The Allegations.”)