Lawyers who travel know that turbulence is an expected part of commercial airline flight, particularly in the summer months. That jarring in the cabin is caused by changes in atmospheric pressure, jet streams, fronts, thunderstorms, and airflow patterns around large objects like mountains and buildings.

Most frequent fliers react to minor turbulence as they would a bump in the road when driving, with the only adjustment being a tighter grip on their drink cup. White-knuckle fliers take heart: Even when turbulence is severe, it almost never causes structural damage or a loss of control in a commercial aircraft.