Sifting through the conflicting opinions from the state and federal courts, U.S. District Judge John E. Jones III of the Middle District of Pennsylvania has ruled the Restatement (Second) of Torts is still the law in Pennsylvania in products liability cases.

Even though the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has predicted twice that the Pennsylvania Supreme Court would ultimately adopt the Restatement (Third) of Torts , Jones said the state Supreme Court’s actions in recent years have signaled the opposite.