Over the past decade, many European countries have passed laws mandating that individuals and employers report criminal conduct. In the United States, however, individuals are typically not required to report criminal conduct that they have observed.

Likewise, employers have no general duty to report criminal conduct by their employees. Often, this lack of an affirmative duty or any other incentive to report criminal conduct will lead an employer to simply look the other way, rather than risk disrupting workflow, losing a valuable employee, bringing negative publicity on the company or facing liability for invasion of privacy or defamation.