In 1939, Joanna Boisen’s client was one of 160,000 Jews in Poland’s Łódz ghetto. For more than four years, he worked as a janitor in the Nazi-guarded center, where 43,500 people died from disease, starvation and murder. His duties included collecting decaying corpses and taking them to a dump.

For years, her client, now 92 and living in a low-income assisted-living center in Auburn, Wash., sought reparations as a Holocaust survivor. But frustrated by red tape, dimming memories of witnesses and technical glitches, he gave up trying.