The elements of a perfect storm for employers coalesce in the U.S. Supreme Court this week in a major job bias case asking what employers legally may do when a decision to avoid discrimination against one group of employees may mean discrimination against another group.

Ricci v. DeStefano, nos. 07-1428 and 08-328, is one of a quartet of major civil rights cases being heard in the justices’ April and final round of oral arguments, and it is perhaps the most important job discrimination case to come before the Court in years.